Albert d



(No Model.)

3 e -Sheet 1,

D. BLANOHARD GUN.

No. 369,313. Patented Sept. 6,1887;

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

A. D. BLANOHARD.

GUN.

No. 369,313. Patented Sept. 6, 1887.

(No Model.) 3 3 Sheets.-Sheet 3.

A. D. BLANOHARD.

GUN. No. 369,313. Patented Sept. 6, 1887.

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' UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT'D. BLANGHARD, or WICHITA, KANSAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 369,313, dated September 6, 1887.

Application filed March 5, 1887. Serial No. 229,834. (No model.)

To all whom. it may concern:

Be itknown that I, ALBERT D. BLANOHARD, in the county of ,Sedgwiek and of Wichita, State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Guns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forn 1- ing a part of this specification, and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction of breech-loading guns, genare secured at opposite ends.

erally considered, and more especially tothat class designated commonly as hammerless, in that the hammers are concealed within the frame; and the said improvements consist in certain novel combinations, arrangements, and constructions of parts, as hereinafter fully described and pointed out.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the breech-frame, illustrating the manner of attaching the barrel thereto according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the frame and barrel. Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the barrel removed from the frame and'in position to be applied thereto. Fig. 4 is a top view of the frame. Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the barrel.

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the frame with the breech-frame, comprising that portion of the gun to which the barrel B and stock 0 frame A is composed of theblock or barrel- .support A, the anvil or breech-block A, lo-

cated above the rear end of the block A, and a top strap, A, the connection between the anvil and barrelsupport being strongly reenforcedby the web or webs A in rear of the anvil, in which the cross-piece bearing the cocking-arm is preferably journaled, the whole constructed of a single piece of metal suitably grooved and recessed for the accommodation of the working parts, as hereinafter described.

The barrel-support or block A of the breechframe is provided in its upperface with a lon- Fig. 8, a detail view of ham- This breech piece or bridge, 6, whose rear face, 7 ,is slightly beveled or inclined, as shown.

Beneath the barrel B are formed or secured two lugs, 8 and 9, the rear lug, 9, being provided'with a beveled face, 10, corresponding with and fitting the inclined face 7" of the bridge 6, while the front'lug, 8, is formed with a substantially vertical face, 11, and an incline or shoulder, 12, above which latter is formed the notch 13. To the under side of the barrel is secured (as by the lug 14 and pin 15) a latch or bolt, 16, whose rear end is provided with a transverse head, 17, in which is formed a groove, 18, to receive the rounded end5 of the block A, and a shoulder or lip, 19, for engag; 'ing the notch 13 in the lug 8, said shoulder 19 being preferably extended entirely across the head 17 and fitting against shoulders 20 on the block A.

The devices thus far described, acting in conjunction with a suitable locking-bolt in the breech-frame, form a strong, simple, and durable articulating connection between the barrel and breech-frame, dispensing entirely with the pivot-pins usually employed and substituting therefor solid abutments, rigidly supported and so arranged and disposed as to prevent all liability of springing at the breech.

The conjoint action of the parts referred to is as followsi The lugs 8 and 9 having been inserted in the slot 1 and the barrel brought down in place upon the block A of the breech ;frame, the head 17 of the latch 16 is applied to the end of the block A, with the lip 19 inserted in the notch 13, the other end of said latch being securely fastened to the under side of the barrel, as described. When the barrel is thus closed down upon the frame, the lug 8 rests against the solid abutment formed by the front wall, 2, of the slot 1 and the inclined face 10 of the lug 9 fits close against andbears upon the face 7 of the bridge 6, whereby-the barrel is held firmly and securely in position against the breech-block. As the front edges of the two lugs rest against solid abntments on the breech-frame, and as the breech-block'is ICO 45 breech'frame A, and to said bolt is attached constructed integral with the block A, of

nal movement of the barrel upon the breechframe is prevented, and all liability of springv ing the parts so as to prevent the closing of the barrel against the breech-block or anvil is avoided.

The front wall, 2, of the slot 1 is rounded off at the junction of its two faces 3 and 4, forming a bearing upon which the front edge of the'lug 8 rocks as upon a pivot when the barrel is raised and lowered for the insertion or removal of a cartridge, the said lug being maintained in contact with its pivotal point of support by the latch 16, whose curved end partially embraces the front end of the block A.

It is of course necessary that some kind of a locking mechanism be provided for holding the barrel firmly in position to prevent'tilting when closed down upon the breech-frame and in position for firing, and a device suitable for the purpose consists of a locking-bolt, 20, located in a vertical slot, 21, in the breech-block and pivotally supported at or near the upper rear corner or edge, said bolt 20 cooperating with a rearwardly-projecting lip, 22, on the lug 9. The rear face of this lip 22 is curved or rounded, and as the breech of the barrel swings down upon this support A said lip comes in contact with the face of the bolt 20, swinging the latter back into the slot 21 until the lip passes below the lower edge of the bolt, when the latter is forced forward and over the lip by a spring, 23, thereby securely holding the barrel down until the bolt is withdrawn.

Thebolt 20 is pivoted near its rear upper corner, or at a point corresponding thereto, for two purposesfirst, that it may be swung back into the slot 21 and at no time project beyond the face of the breech-block, and, second, that when engaging the lip 22 on lug 9 its upper edge may make contact with and take a bearing upon the upper wall of the slot 21.

The locking-bolt 20 is pivoted in a removable block, 24, inserted in a slot, 25, in the a link, 26, against which the spring 23 bears. This spring is U-shaped and provided with pins or projections on its legs, which are received, the one in a hole or recess in the link 26 and the other in a similar recess in a block, 30.

Pivotally secured to the rear end of the link 26 is a post, 27, passing vertically through an elongated slot, 28, in the frame and bearing upon its upper end a lever or thumb-piece, 29. This lever 29 is extended back over the strap A, and its front end is formed with the double,

cam 30, engaging camfaces 31 on the frame. Normally the lever 29 stands longitudinally of the straps A its double cam pressing equally upon the cam-faces 31; but whenit is desired to withdraw the bolt 20 from engage ment with the barrel the lever 29 is pressed to one side or the other,and,rocking upon one of the cam-faces or supporting-points 31 as a fulcrum, the lever and its post 27 are forced backward, which movement iscommunicated to the bolt 20 through the link 26. When the lever is relcased,it is thrown back to the central position, and the bolt 20 is at the same time forced forward by the action of the spring 23 upon the rear end of link 26.

The shell-extractor E, of any ordinary or ap proved construction,is mounted upon pins 40 41, arranged to slidelongitudinally in ways formed in the barrel, or, as in thepresent instance, between the two ba rrels,(whichlatter, in so far as the tilting and locking mechanism is concerned, may be regarded as one barreh) and the lower pin, 41, is provided with a series of teeth or projections, 42, engaging a toothed sector, 43, (any equivalent connection may be 'employed,) which latter is pivotally secured in a groove or recess, 44, formed in the lug 8. The lower end of this sector 43, or equivalent deviee,is furnished with a hook, 45, and the lug 8 is cut away opposite the throat of the hook, forming inclines or camsurfaces 46, operating as hereinafter described.

.Within the slot 1 in the block A of the breech-frame, and preferably located in a recess,50, formed in the front wall of the bridgepiece 6, is a link, 51, supported near the upper portion upon a pin, 52. .The lower end or portion of this link 51 is furnished with two pins, 53 and 54, the front one, 53, engaged normally by the hook 45 of the sector 43 on the barrel, and the other one,54, engaging the end of a bar, 55, lying within the slot 1 and extending backthrough a slot or opening, 56, in the breech-frame, beneath the locking-bolt 20, and in line witlrthe lower end of spring 23, which latter serves to hold the said bar 55 in position.

The bar 55 is provided with a series of teeth, 57, engaging a toothed sector, 58, mounted upon a cross-piece, 59, the latter journaled in the re-enforcing rib or ribs A and thepiece carries on each end (when the improvement is applied to a double-barreled gun) an arm or cam, 60. The arm 60 is located in a recess,

vided with a catch or lug, 64, against which one end of the spring 65 bears,and at its outer extremity with a catch or notch, 65, for co-operating with the spring-pawl 66, mounted on the removable lock-plate 67. The inner face of the hammer 62 is cut away or recessed, as at 68, to accommodate the arm 60, which latter bears against ashoulder, 69, formed by the rear wall of said recess 68.

The purposes and operations of the parts just described are as follows: Assuming the barrel to be down upon its support A, the lever is pressed to one side to withdraw the locking-bolt 20, so that the barrel can be tilted upon the breech-frame, as hereinbefore described. As the barrel is tilted and its breech raised, the link 51 is swung forward by the action of shell-extractor against the barrel.

the book on sector 43 until the arm- 60 bears against the hammer. The movement of the bar 55, by which the arm 60is actuated, being arrested when the hammer takes a bearing upon its spring 65,:the'furtherupward motion of the barrel causes the pin 53 to react upon the hook 45, forcing the lattei forward and the shell-extractor backward and outward until the sides of the link 51 make contact with the cam-surfaces 46 of the lug 8. \Vhen this occurs, the further movement of the sector 43 on its pivot ceases and the continued upward movement of the barrel forces the link 51 upward,.thereby drawing the bar forward.

This movement of the bar 55 is transmitted.

through the sector 58, pin 59, and arm to the hammer, which'latter is forced back until the notch or shoulder is engaged by the pawl 66. Immediately after the hammer is thus set or cocked the link 51 arrives at the extreme of its upward motion, and through its connection with the hook 45, carried by the barrel, serves to arrest and prevent any fur ther upward movement of the barrel. the barrel be moved in theopposite direction to close its breech down upon the support A, the cam surfaces or shoulders 46 on the lug 8 will press the link 51 downward and backward, thereby reversing the motion of the bar 55 and withdrawing the arm 60 from contact with the hammer, and at the same time the pin 53, by engaging the toe of the hook -45,will throw the sector 43 in a direction to carry the As thus arranged and combined the sector 43 and the link 5lthe one carried by the barrel and the other by the frame--perform the three offices of actuating the extractor, setting the hammer, and limiting the movement of the barrel; but, as is obvious, the hook form of connection between the sector 43 and link 51 is not essential to the performance of the operation. As the pin is maintained in operative connection with the sides of the hook the tense or closed connection might be employed instead of an open hook connection. The hook form is used to facilitate the operation of removing the barrel from the breech-frame. When it is desired to detach the barrel from the frame, it is tilted until the extractor is elevated sufficiently above the breech-block to permit it to be grasped and drawn back, thus vibrating the sector 43 sufficiently 'to withdraw the hooked end' from the pin carried by link 51. The latch 16 having been detached, the barrel is free and can be removed from the frame. To replace the barrel the lug 8 is inserted in the slot 1 and the extractor pushed in toward the barrel until the hook engages the pin on the link 51, which is held forward by the spring 23, and, the latch 16 having been placed in position, the gun is ready for use.

The triggers T are pivoted in the usual manner upon a removable strap, 70, in position to engage the pawl or dog 66, which co-operates with the catch 65 on the hammer to hold the If, now,

is connected a rod or bar, 72. whose front end is supported in proximity to the devicessuch as the link 26-for actuatingth'e lockingbolt 20, so that whenever the lever is actuated to withdraw the locking-bolt the said bar 72 will he forced backward and caused to vibrate the lever 71. This lever 71 is furnished with a stock, 7 3, which vibrates in the path of a slide, 74, the latter being attached to a thumb-piece, 75, and carrying a pin or projection, 76. The slide74 and lever 71 are connected by spri n gs 77, applied to the lever 71 on the side of 1ts pivot opposite the bar72, so that said spring tends always to draw the slide 74 forward and press the lever 71 in a direction to advance the bar 72 and carry the stop 73 in front of the slide 74. The object of this arrangement of devices is to provide a safety-lock for the trigger. lVhencver the lever is vibrated to retract the locking-bolt 20, it will force the bar 7 2 back, and, acting upon the lever 71,will withdraw the stop 73 from in front of the slide 74, thus permitting the said slide 74 to be drawn forward by the spring 771 until the projection 76 stands above the rear end of the trigger. So long as the slide 7 4 is held in this position the hammer cannot be released, as the projection 76 prevents the trigger from being elevated or swung against the pawl or dog 66. WVhen, however, it is desired to release the trigger, it is only necessary to press back the thumb-pieee-75 until the projection 76 clears the trigger, when the lever 71 will be oscillated by the spring 77 until its stop 73 is brought in front-of the slide 74, to which the thumb-piece is securcd,to lock and hold the said slide 74 retracted until again advanced to the position of safety by the withdrawal of the locking-bolt.

It will be observed that, inasmuch as the trigger-lock is set by the action of the lever which withdraws the locking-bolt 20, it will always be set at the safety-point before the barrel can be tilted, and will remain in that position until withdrawn by pressureon the thumbpiece, and said trigger-lock can readily be reset by the action of the locking-bolt lever without tilting the barrel.

In order to'providc for a quick action on the part of the hammer, its striking-face is arranged at but a relatively short distance from the pivot, the spring, which is short andhcavy, is applied near the pivot, and the dog66,engaging the outer end, is given but a short throw by the trigger to release the hammer.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is-- 1. In combination with the pivotally secured barrel and its slotted supporting-frame,

the lug 8,attached to the barrel, and the front wall of the slot in the support provided with the vertical and inclined faces, said lug engaging the vertical face while the barrel is down I and forming the pivotal point of support when the barrel is tilted, substantially as described.

- upon the wall of the slot.

2. In combination with the breech-frame provided with a barrel-support having'the curved end and 'longitudinal's'lot, the front wall of which has the-inclinedface, the barrel carrying a lug for entering said-slot and engaging the front wall thereof asa pivotal point and support, and'a: la'l jh removably secured to the barrel andenga'g'ingiboth the lug and curved end of the support to hold the lug in irposition 3. In combination with the breech-frame, the barrel-support provided with the slot having'the inclined end, and the bridge-piece located in said slot, the barrel having the lugs 8 and 9 fitting the slot, one of said lugs resting against the end wall in position to engage the front surface when tilted and the' otherco-operating with the bridge-piece, substantially as described.

4. In combinationwiththebreech-frarneand its slotted barrel-support having the rounded end and the pivotal point formed on the front wall of the slot, the barrel provided with the lug 8, resting against and operating upon the front wall of said slot as a center, and the latch secured to the barrel and embracing the curved end of the barrel-support, substantially as described.

5. In combination with the breech-frame and 1ts slotted barrel-support having the rounded,

' end concentric with'pivota-l bearing-point on the front'wall of the slot, the barrel provided with lug 8, resting against and pivoting upon the front wall of the said slot, and thelatch secured to the barrel and embracing the curved end of the barrelsupport, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the breech-frame provided with the barrel-support A, having a slot in its upper face, the vertical and inclined front wall, and the bridge-piece, of the barrel having lugs 8 and 9, and the removable latch 16,-engaging the end of the barrelsupport to' 8. In combination with the breech-frame and pivotal barrel provided with a cartridge-e11 tractor and pivoted sector connected therewith, 'a link pivoted in the barrel-support and,

connected to the sector on one side and to a bar on the other, said bar extending back heheath the anvil and serving to operate the hammer-setting mechanism, substantially as described.

see 313 9. In combination with thcbreech-frame and the barrel pivotally supported near the front end thereof and provided with lugs engaging abutments in the barrel-support, the lockingbolt pivotally supported near its rear upper edge within a' slot in the breech-block and adapted to engage a catch on the rear lug of the barrel, and means for operating said bolt, substantially as described.

10. In a breech-loading gun such as described, and in combination with the breechframe and pivoted bar-rel, the locking-bolt .pivoted in the breech-block and connected by a link to the actuating-lever, said lever being provided with the double cam-head engaging cams on the breech-frame, substantially as described.

11. 'In a breech-loading gun such as described, as a means for actuating the locking bolt for. retaining the pivoted barrel in closed position, the combination, with said lockingbolt and its spring, of a double cam-lever located above the top strap and provided with a post-passing through an opening in the upper strap'and connected to the locking-bolt below, said lever operating when pressed laterally in either direction to retract the lockingbolt, and when released to be returned to its central position by virtue of the double cam engaging corresponding shoulders on opposite sides of the center, substantially as described.

12. In combination with the'trigger and de-. vices for withdrawing the locking-bolt from the barre],the trigger-locking mechanism composed of the sliding block and thumb-piece carrying a stop for engaging the trigger, the

pivoted lever carrying a stop for engaging the said sliding block,and a bar connected to the said pivoted lever and located in position to engage the devices for retracting the barrellocking bolt, whereby whenever the lockingbolt is retracted the stop on the sliding block will be brought over the trigger toprevent its being raised sufficiently to release the ham- .mer, and when thesaid stop is withdrawn from the trigger it will be held retracted .by the stop on the said pivoted lever, substantially as described.

13; In combination with the pivoted locking-bolt,its link,and actuating mechanism,the

spring suspended between the said link and a support, the sliding bar connected at one end to one arm of the T-shaped lever, the rmovable block carrying the trigger-stop,connected by a spring to the opposite arm of the T- shaped lever, the third arm cf the latter traversing a path intersecting the path of the block carrying the trigger-stop, substantially as described.

14. In a breech-loading gun such as de scribed, the combination, with the breechframe, the barrel pivoted thereto, and the locking-bolt supported in the breech-frame and provided with a link for connecting it to the actuating devices,and a spring suspended 5 between said link and a support, of the reciprocating bar engaging the spring of the locking-bolt and connected to a pivoted link in the barrel-support, the pivoted sector connected to the extractor and provided with a hook for engaging a pin on the pivoted link, substantially as described.

15. In combination with the breech-frame and the barrel pivotally supported near the forward end thereof, a hook pivoted to the under side of the barrel, a cartridge-extractor connected thereto, and a link pivoted in the barrel=support, said link engaging shoulders on the barrel and being provided with a pin engaging the pivoted hook, substantially as described, whereby the hook and link serve as a stop to limit the movement of the barrel on the frame and can be detached to permit the removal of the barrel, as set forth.

16. The combination, in a brcech-loading gun such as described, and with the hammer,

I trigger, tilting barrel, and locking-bolt thereof, of a longitudinally-sliding stop for holding the trigger out of engagement with the hamat one end to the said link and connected to the hammer-setting devices in the frame, substantially as described.

18. In a breech -loading gun such as described, and in combination with the breechframe, the firing mechanism, and the pivoted barrel and its cartridge-extractor, the sector pivoted in lug S on the barrel and connected to the extractor, the link pivoted in theframe and connected to the sector, and the bar attached to said link and engaging the hammersetting mechanism, substantially as described.

19. In a breech -loading gun such as described, and in combination with the breechframe, the firing mechanism, and the barrel pivotally supported on the frame and carrying a dependent hook,'a link pivoted in the frame and provided with a, pin for engaging saidhook, a reciprocatingbar connected to said link, and a transverse shaft carrying an arm for engaging the hammer, with intermediate connections operating to communicate motion from the bar to the shaft, substantially as described.

20. In combination with the hammer, its actuating-spring, and retaining dog or pawl, the transverse shaft provided with an arm lying in a recess in the side of the hammer and engaging a shoulder on the latter, the sector attached to said shaft, the toothed bar engaging said sector, and the pivoted link connected to said bar and to the barrel, substantially as described. i

21. .In combination with the breech-frame recessed in the side and the hammer and its spring located within said recess, the dog engaging a shoulder on the outercdge of the hammer,and the trigger for releasing said dog, substantially as described.

22. In combination with the hammer constructed as described and located in a recess in the sideof the breech-frame, the dog mounted on the removable lock-plate and engaging a shoulder on the outer end of the hammer, and the trigger mounted upon the lower strap secured to the breech-frame, substantially as described.

23. In combination with the breech-frame having the barrel-support, anvil, and" upper strap formed in one piece, the hammer located in a recess in the side of said frame,

the barrel pivotally supported upon an integral part of the frame, and a locking-bolt piv otally supported in a slot in the anvil and taking a bearing against the wall of the slot when in engagement with the catch on the barrel, substantially as described.

24. In a breech-loading gun such as described, the combination, with the breechframe, .pivoted barrel, cartridge -extra ctor,

block pivoted in the barrel connected to the extractor for operating it, and firing mechanism, of a pivoted link supported in the breechframe and connected to the block in the barrel andhammer-setting devices, said link opcrating when the barrel is tiltedto actuate the ing the extractor, the link located within the slot in the barrel-support and detachablyeonnect'ed to the said sector, and the hammersetting bar connected to said link and passing through an opening in the frame beneath the locking-bolt, substantially as described.

26. In a breech-loading gun, andin combinati on with the breech-frame consisting of the barrel-support and breech-block or anvil formed together and re-enforced at the junction, as

,described, the barrel provided with a lug, 8,

pivoting upon the front wall of a slot in the barrel-support, substantially as described.

27. The combination, in a breech-loading 'gun such as described, and with the hammer,

trigger, tilting barrel, and locking-bolt there of, 6f :1 stop for holding the trigger out of encan only be operated to lock the trigger by a gagementavith-the hammer-releasing devices, movement of the barrel-locking bolt, substanand connecting devices intermediate the bartially as described.

rel-locking bolt and said step, suhstantiellyas ALBERT D. BLANCHARD. 5 described, for actuating the stop and holding Witnesses:

in position to lock the trigger, and astop with J AMES HODsON,

which said trigger-lock engages, whereby it TONY NOLAN. 

